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Do Male Enhancement Pills Work? What the FDA Found Hidden Inside

No pill or supplement has been shown to increase penis size, and the FDA found hundreds of 'natural' products with hidden drugs. What you need to know.

By The Science of Male Enhancement Editorial Team··7 min read

Key takeaways

This is where most of the "male enhancement" money goes. Pills, capsules, gummies, powders, creams and oils are sold everywhere from late-night ads to social media feeds. Most promise some mix of growth, stamina and confidence.

The bottom line is simple: no pill, cream or supplement has been shown to make the penis permanently bigger, and some are actively dangerous because they contain drugs that aren't on the label.

What's in enhancement pills?

Most enhancement pills sold online are blends of herbs, vitamins, minerals or hormones. According to Mayo Clinic, none has been shown to work for enlargement and some may be harmful.

The key thing to understand is regulation. In the US and many other countries, supplements don't go through drug approval. That means the maker doesn't have to prove that the product works, or even that it's safe, before selling it.

The real danger: hidden prescription drugs

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has found many sexual enhancement products sold as "all natural" that actually contain:

Neither appears on the label. The FDA's list of tainted products runs to hundreds of items, and the agency says that list is only "a small fraction" of what's out there.

This matters for two reasons:

  1. It can be dangerous. A man taking nitrates for a heart condition who unknowingly takes sildenafil can see his blood pressure drop to a dangerous level.
  2. It fools buyers. The hidden drug really does improve erections, so the product seems to work. A firmer erection can easily be mistaken for growth.

The FDA's warning signs

Be very cautious with any product that:

What about creams, oils and gels?

A cream rubbed on the skin can't reach the tissue inside the penis and make it grow. Some products contain ingredients that cause redness or a warm, tingling feeling, and people take that as a sign it's working. It isn't.

Creams that contain hormones are a different problem. Used without a doctor, they can throw off your hormone balance and can rub off onto a partner.

At a glance

ProductPermanent growthReal benefitMain risk
"Enhancement" pillsNo evidenceNoneHidden drugs, drug interactions
Herbal supplementsNo evidenceUnprovenUnknown quality and contents
Creams and oilsNo evidenceNoneIrritation; hormone problems with hormonal ones
Prescription ED drugsNoBetter erectionsNeed a doctor's supervision

What about testosterone?

Testosterone drives penile growth during puberty, so it seems logical that more would help. It doesn't. In an adult who has finished puberty and has normal hormone levels, extra testosterone does not make the penis bigger. Using testosterone or anabolic steroids without a doctor carries real risks, including infertility, shrinking testicles and heart problems.

What actually works for "harder and bigger"

When a product promises "harder and bigger," the "harder" might be achievable. The "bigger" is usually marketing. Prescription medications like sildenafil and tadalafil work well for erectile dysfunction when prescribed by a doctor, and lifestyle changes have strong evidence too. See the exercises proven to improve erections.

Evidence check. Permanent growth from pills, creams or supplements: no evidence. Hidden drugs in "natural" sexual enhancement supplements: strong evidence (FDA findings).
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Frequently asked questions

Do male enhancement pills increase size?

No. According to Mayo Clinic, none of the pills or supplements marketed for enlargement has been shown to work, and some may be harmful.

Why do some enhancement pills seem to work?

The FDA has found many 'natural' sexual enhancement products that secretly contain sildenafil (the drug in Viagra) or tadalafil (the drug in Cialis). These improve erections, which buyers can mistake for growth.

Are male enhancement supplements safe?

Not necessarily. Supplements don't go through drug approval, so makers don't have to prove safety or effectiveness. Hidden prescription drugs can interact dangerously with nitrate heart medications.

Do penis enlargement creams work?

No. A cream applied to the skin can't reach the tissue inside the penis and make it grow. Warming or reddening ingredients can feel like they're working, but they aren't causing growth.

Sources

  1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Tainted sexual enhancement products. Source
  2. Mayo Clinic. Penis-enlargement products: Do they work? Source
  3. Cleveland Clinic. Penis: anatomy, function and size. Source

This article is for general education and is not medical advice. If you have pain, a new bend, a lump, erection problems, or worry about your size that is affecting your life, see a urologist or your doctor.